How to download food potash?
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There are some illnesses in which it is necessary to avoid or limit the consumption of foods rich in potassium, such as diabetes, renal failure, organ transplantation or alterations in the adrenal glands. However, this mineral is found in many foods, especially in fruits, grains and vegetables.
For this reason, it is important to know which foods have low levels of potassium, being able to include them in the diet with caution, and which are the ones that have medium or high levels of this mineral. In addition, there are some techniques that can be applied to reduce the concentration of potassium in foods, such as removing the shell, removing the food and/or cooking them with plenty of water, for example.
The amount of potassium to be ingested per day must be established by a nutritionist, due to which it will depend on several factors, on the basis of the illness that the person poses as well as how the value of potassium can be found in blood tests.
Tips for reducing food potassium
To reduce the amount of potassium from grains, fruits and vegetables, peel them and cut them into cubes before cooking them, place them in water, soaking them in water for 2 hours and cooking them with plenty of water, without salt. Furthermore, the water must be changed and discarded when the vegetables or grains are half cooked, as this water will contain more than the amount of potassium that was in the food.
Other advice to follow are:
- Avoid the use of salt light O dietsince it is composed of 50% sodium chloride and 50% potassium chloride;
- Limit the consumption of maté and black tea, as they contain a high amount of potassium;
- Avoid the consumption of whole foods;
- Avoid the consumption of alcoholic beverages, since high amounts could reduce the amount of potassium excreted by the urine;
- Consume only 2 servings of fruit per day, preferably cooked and without shell;
- Avoid cooking the grains in a pressure cooker, with steam or in the microwave.
It is also important to remember that patients who urinate normally must drink at least 1.5 L of water a day, to help them eliminate excess potassium, in the case of patients whose urine is reduced in consumption. liquids must be guided by a nephrologist or a nutritionist.
What are the foods rich in potassium
For potassium control, it is important to know which foods are high, medium and low potassium content, as shown in the table below:
| Foods | High > 250 mg/serving | Moderate 150 to 250 mg/portion | Low < 150 mg/portion |
|---|---|---|---|
| vegetables and tubers |
Remolacha (1/2 cup), tomato juice (1 pot), canned tomato salsa (1/2 cup), papa cocida con cascara (1ud), porridge puree (1/2 cup), potato or camote (100g ) |
Cooked stews (1/4 cup), cooked apio (1/2 cup), calabacin (100g), cooked brusella (1/2 cup), cooked chard (45g), broccoli (100g) |
Ejote or green beans (40 g), zanahoria cruda (1/2 ud), eggplant (1/2 cup), lechuga (1 cup), pepper (100 g), cooked spinach (1/2 cup), onion (50 g), cucumber (100 g) |
| Fruits and nuts |
Dry ciruela (5 pcs), avocado (1/2 pcs), banana (1 pcs), melon (1 cup), kiwi (1 pcs), pasa (1/4 cup), papaya (1 cup), orange juice (1 cup) vase), calabaza (1/2 cup), yoke of ciruela pasa (1/2 cup), yoke of zanahoria (1/2 cup), mango (1 median unit) |
Almendras (20g), nueces (30g), hazelnuts (34g), marañón (32g), guayaba (1ud), nuez de brasil (35g), cacahuate (36g), dry or fresh coconut (1/4 cup), mora ( 1/2 cup), pina colada (1/2 pot), sandía (1 cup), durazno (1 piece), sliced fresh tomato (1/2 cup), pear (1 piece), grapes (100g), manzana juice (150mL), cherries (75g), orange (1ud), grape juice (1/2 cup) |
Pistachios (1/2 cup), fresas (1/2 cup), piña (2 thin rounds), manzana (1 medium) |
| Granos, semillas and cereals |
Calabash seeds (1/4 bowl), garbanzos (1 bowl), white beans (100g), black beans (1/2 bowl), red beans (1/2 bowl), cooked Lentils (1/2 bowl) |
Sunflower seeds (1/4 cup) | Cooked avena harina (1/2 cup), wheat germ (1cdta), cooked rice (100g), cooked pasta (100g), white pan (30g) |
| others | Seafood, cooked fish and meat in general (100g), yogurt (1 cup) and milk (1 cup) | Cerveza yeast (1cdta), chocolate (30g), tofu (1/2 cup) | Margarine (1 tsp), olive oil (1 tsp), cottage cheese (1/2 cup), butter (1 tsp) |
How much potassium should you ingest per day?
The amount that the individual must ingest of potassium daily will depend on the illness itself, and must be established by a clinical nutritionist, however, the ranges that can be managed are:
- Acute kidney failure: varies between 1170-1950 mg/d depending on losses;
- Chronic kidney disease: it can vary between 1560-2730 mg/day;
- Hemodialysis: 2340-3510 mg/d;
- Peritoneal dialysis: 2730-3900 mg/d;
- Other illnesses: between 1000 to 2000 mg/day.
In a normal diet, around 150 g of meat and 1 vases of milk provide about 1063 mg of this mineral. See the amount of potassium in food.
How to get a low potash feed
See an example menu of 3 days with an approximate potassium content of 2000 mg, this menu was calculated without applying the double cooking technique, being important to remember the above mentioned advice to reduce the potassium content present in foods.
| main foods | Day 1 | Day 2 | Day 3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| breakfast | 1 cup of coffee with 1/2 cup of milk + 2 reb of pan blanco with 2 reb of queso | 1/2 vase of manzana yoke + 2 huevos in the form of a revoltillo + 1 slice of toasted pan | 1 cup of coffee with 1/2 cup of milk + 3 tostadas with 2 spoonfuls of cottage cheese |
| Morning meal | 1 medium pear | 20 g of almonds | 1/2 cup of chopped fresh |
| Almuerzo | 120 g of salmon + 1 cup of cooked rice + salad of lechuga, tomato and zanahoria + 1 tbsp of olive oil | 100 g of beef + 1/2 cup of broccoli garnished with 1 tbsp of olive oil | 120 g of pechuga de pollo without skin + 1 cup of cooked pasta with 2 tablespoons of natural tomato salsa with oregano |
| afternoon snack | 2 toasted with 2 tbsp of butter | 2 thin rounds of piña | 1 packet of galleta maría |
| Scene | 120 g pechuga de pollo without skin, cut into strips, sautéed in olive oil with 1 cup of vegetables (calabacín, zanahoria, aubergine and onion) + 50 g of camote, cut into cubes | Salad with lechuga, tomato and onion with 90 g of peas, chopped into strips + 1 tablespoon of olive oil | 100 g Salmon with 1/2 cup of asparagus with 1 tablespoon of olive oil + 1 medium cooked porridge |
| total potassium | 1932 mg | 1983 mg | 1881 mg |
The portions of the foods that are presented in the menu vary according to the age, sex, physical activity and if you have any associated illness, because it is ideal, it is necessary to consult a nutritionist to carry out a complete evaluation and prepare an adapted nutritional plan to your needs.
The high levels of potassium in the blood can cause heart palpitations, nausea, vomiting and heart attack, which must be treated with changes in food and when necessary, with the use of medication recommended by the doctor. Know what can happen if the potash in the blood is altered.
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